Integrand size = 30, antiderivative size = 185 \[ \int \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{7/2} \, dx=\frac {a c^4 \log (\cos (e+f x)) \tan (e+f x)}{f \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {a c^3 \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)} \tan (e+f x)}{f \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {a c^2 (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2} \tan (e+f x)}{2 f \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {a c (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2} \tan (e+f x)}{3 f \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}} \]
-1/2*a*c^2*(c-c*sec(f*x+e))^(3/2)*tan(f*x+e)/f/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)-1/3* a*c*(c-c*sec(f*x+e))^(5/2)*tan(f*x+e)/f/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)+a*c^4*ln(co s(f*x+e))*tan(f*x+e)/f/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)/(c-c*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)-a*c^3 *(c-c*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)*tan(f*x+e)/f/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)
Time = 1.82 (sec) , antiderivative size = 84, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.45 \[ \int \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{7/2} \, dx=\frac {a c^4 \left (6 \log (\cos (e+f x))+18 \sec (e+f x)-9 \sec ^2(e+f x)+2 \sec ^3(e+f x)\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 f \sqrt {a (1+\sec (e+f x))} \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}} \]
(a*c^4*(6*Log[Cos[e + f*x]] + 18*Sec[e + f*x] - 9*Sec[e + f*x]^2 + 2*Sec[e + f*x]^3)*Tan[e + f*x])/(6*f*Sqrt[a*(1 + Sec[e + f*x])]*Sqrt[c - c*Sec[e + f*x]])
Time = 1.01 (sec) , antiderivative size = 187, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.01, number of steps used = 11, number of rules used = 11, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.367, Rules used = {3042, 4394, 3042, 4394, 3042, 4394, 3042, 4393, 25, 3042, 3956}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{7/2} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \sqrt {a \csc \left (e+f x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )+a} \left (c-c \csc \left (e+f x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )^{7/2}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 4394 |
| \(\displaystyle c \int \sqrt {\sec (e+f x) a+a} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}dx-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle c \int \sqrt {\csc \left (e+f x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right ) a+a} \left (c-c \csc \left (e+f x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )^{5/2}dx-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 4394 |
| \(\displaystyle c \left (c \int \sqrt {\sec (e+f x) a+a} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}dx-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle c \left (c \int \sqrt {\csc \left (e+f x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right ) a+a} \left (c-c \csc \left (e+f x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )^{3/2}dx-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 4394 |
| \(\displaystyle c \left (c \left (c \int \sqrt {\sec (e+f x) a+a} \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}dx-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}{f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle c \left (c \left (c \int \sqrt {\csc \left (e+f x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right ) a+a} \sqrt {c-c \csc \left (e+f x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}dx-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}{f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 4393 |
| \(\displaystyle c \left (c \left (\frac {a c^2 \tan (e+f x) \int -\tan (e+f x)dx}{\sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a} \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}{f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 25 |
| \(\displaystyle c \left (c \left (-\frac {a c^2 \tan (e+f x) \int \tan (e+f x)dx}{\sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a} \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}{f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle c \left (c \left (-\frac {a c^2 \tan (e+f x) \int \tan (e+f x)dx}{\sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a} \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}{f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3956 |
| \(\displaystyle c \left (c \left (\frac {a c^2 \tan (e+f x) \log (\cos (e+f x))}{f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a} \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {c-c \sec (e+f x)}}{f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\right )-\frac {a c \tan (e+f x) (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{3 f \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}\) |
-1/3*(a*c*(c - c*Sec[e + f*x])^(5/2)*Tan[e + f*x])/(f*Sqrt[a + a*Sec[e + f *x]]) + c*(-1/2*(a*c*(c - c*Sec[e + f*x])^(3/2)*Tan[e + f*x])/(f*Sqrt[a + a*Sec[e + f*x]]) + c*((a*c^2*Log[Cos[e + f*x]]*Tan[e + f*x])/(f*Sqrt[a + a *Sec[e + f*x]]*Sqrt[c - c*Sec[e + f*x]]) - (a*c*Sqrt[c - c*Sec[e + f*x]]*T an[e + f*x])/(f*Sqrt[a + a*Sec[e + f*x]])))
3.1.86.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[tan[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)], x_Symbol] :> Simp[-Log[RemoveContent[Cos[c + d *x], x]]/d, x] /; FreeQ[{c, d}, x]
Int[(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) + (a_))^(m_)*(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(d _.) + (c_))^(m_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[((-a)*c)^(m + 1/2)*(Cot[e + f*x]/(Sqrt[ a + b*Csc[e + f*x]]*Sqrt[c + d*Csc[e + f*x]])) Int[Cot[e + f*x]^(2*m), x] , x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m}, x] && EqQ[b*c + a*d, 0] && EqQ[a^2 - b ^2, 0] && IntegerQ[m + 1/2]
Int[Sqrt[csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) + (a_)]*(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(d_ .) + (c_))^(n_.), x_Symbol] :> Simp[2*a*c*Cot[e + f*x]*((c + d*Csc[e + f*x] )^(n - 1)/(f*(2*n - 1)*Sqrt[a + b*Csc[e + f*x]])), x] + Simp[c Int[Sqrt[a + b*Csc[e + f*x]]*(c + d*Csc[e + f*x])^(n - 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && EqQ[b*c + a*d, 0] && EqQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && GtQ[n, 1/2]
Time = 2.49 (sec) , antiderivative size = 167, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.90
| method | result | size |
| default | \(\frac {c^{3} \sqrt {a \left (\sec \left (f x +e \right )+1\right )}\, \sqrt {-c \left (\sec \left (f x +e \right )-1\right )}\, \left (\sec \left (f x +e \right )-1\right )^{3} \left (6 \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3} \ln \left (-\cot \left (f x +e \right )+\csc \left (f x +e \right )+1\right )-6 \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3} \ln \left (\frac {2}{\cos \left (f x +e \right )+1}\right )+6 \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3} \ln \left (-\cot \left (f x +e \right )+\csc \left (f x +e \right )-1\right )+29 \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3}+18 \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}-9 \cos \left (f x +e \right )+2\right ) \cot \left (f x +e \right )}{6 f \left (\cos \left (f x +e \right )-1\right )^{3}}\) | \(167\) |
| risch | \(\frac {c^{3} \sqrt {\frac {a \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (f x +e \right )}+1\right )^{2}}{1+{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {c \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (f x +e \right )}-1\right )^{2}}{1+{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )}}}\, \left (-18 i {\mathrm e}^{5 i \left (f x +e \right )}-3 \,{\mathrm e}^{6 i \left (f x +e \right )} f x -18 i {\mathrm e}^{i \left (f x +e \right )}-6 \,{\mathrm e}^{6 i \left (f x +e \right )} e -9 \,{\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (f x +e \right )} f x -9 i {\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (f x +e \right )} \ln \left (1+{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )}\right )-18 \,{\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (f x +e \right )} e -9 \,{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )} f x +18 i {\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (f x +e \right )}-3 i {\mathrm e}^{6 i \left (f x +e \right )} \ln \left (1+{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )}\right )+18 i {\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )}-9 i {\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )} \ln \left (1+{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )}\right )-44 i {\mathrm e}^{3 i \left (f x +e \right )}-3 i \ln \left (1+{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )}\right )-18 \,{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )} e -3 f x -6 e \right )}{3 \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (f x +e \right )}+1\right ) \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (f x +e \right )}-1\right ) \left (1+{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (f x +e \right )}\right )^{2} f}\) | \(338\) |
1/6/f*c^3*(a*(sec(f*x+e)+1))^(1/2)*(-c*(sec(f*x+e)-1))^(1/2)*(sec(f*x+e)-1 )^3*(6*cos(f*x+e)^3*ln(-cot(f*x+e)+csc(f*x+e)+1)-6*cos(f*x+e)^3*ln(2/(cos( f*x+e)+1))+6*cos(f*x+e)^3*ln(-cot(f*x+e)+csc(f*x+e)-1)+29*cos(f*x+e)^3+18* cos(f*x+e)^2-9*cos(f*x+e)+2)/(cos(f*x+e)-1)^3*cot(f*x+e)
Time = 0.33 (sec) , antiderivative size = 459, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.48 \[ \int \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{7/2} \, dx=\left [-\frac {{\left (11 \, c^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 7 \, c^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 2 \, c^{3}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \sqrt {\frac {c \cos \left (f x + e\right ) - c}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \sin \left (f x + e\right ) - 3 \, {\left (c^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} + c^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-a c} \log \left (\frac {a c \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} + \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {-a c} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \sqrt {\frac {c \cos \left (f x + e\right ) - c}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \sin \left (f x + e\right ) + a c}{2 \, \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}\right )}{6 \, {\left (f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} + f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}\right )}}, -\frac {{\left (11 \, c^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 7 \, c^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 2 \, c^{3}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \sqrt {\frac {c \cos \left (f x + e\right ) - c}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \sin \left (f x + e\right ) - 6 \, {\left (c^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} + c^{3} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}\right )} \sqrt {a c} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a c} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \sqrt {\frac {c \cos \left (f x + e\right ) - c}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) \sin \left (f x + e\right )}{a c \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a c}\right )}{6 \, {\left (f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} + f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}\right )}}\right ] \]
[-1/6*((11*c^3*cos(f*x + e)^2 - 7*c^3*cos(f*x + e) + 2*c^3)*sqrt((a*cos(f* x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*sqrt((c*cos(f*x + e) - c)/cos(f*x + e))*sin(f*x + e) - 3*(c^3*cos(f*x + e)^3 + c^3*cos(f*x + e)^2)*sqrt(-a*c)*log(1/2*(a*c *cos(f*x + e)^4 - (cos(f*x + e)^3 + cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(-a*c)*sqrt((a*cos(f *x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*sqrt((c*cos(f*x + e) - c)/cos(f*x + e))*sin(f*x + e) + a*c)/cos(f*x + e)^2))/(f*cos(f*x + e)^3 + f*cos(f*x + e)^2), -1/6* ((11*c^3*cos(f*x + e)^2 - 7*c^3*cos(f*x + e) + 2*c^3)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*sqrt((c*cos(f*x + e) - c)/cos(f*x + e))*sin(f*x + e) - 6*(c^3*cos(f*x + e)^3 + c^3*cos(f*x + e)^2)*sqrt(a*c)*arctan(sqrt(a*c)*sq rt((a*cos(f*x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*sqrt((c*cos(f*x + e) - c)/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e)*sin(f*x + e)/(a*c*cos(f*x + e)^2 + a*c)))/(f*cos(f*x + e) ^3 + f*cos(f*x + e)^2)]
Timed out. \[ \int \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{7/2} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1289 vs. \(2 (165) = 330\).
Time = 0.46 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1289, normalized size of antiderivative = 6.97 \[ \int \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{7/2} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
-1/3*(3*(f*x + e)*c^3*cos(6*f*x + 6*e)^2 + 27*(f*x + e)*c^3*cos(4*f*x + 4* e)^2 + 27*(f*x + e)*c^3*cos(2*f*x + 2*e)^2 + 3*(f*x + e)*c^3*sin(6*f*x + 6 *e)^2 + 27*(f*x + e)*c^3*sin(4*f*x + 4*e)^2 + 27*(f*x + e)*c^3*sin(2*f*x + 2*e)^2 + 18*(f*x + e)*c^3*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + 3*(f*x + e)*c^3 + 18*c^3*sin (2*f*x + 2*e) - 3*(c^3*cos(6*f*x + 6*e)^2 + 9*c^3*cos(4*f*x + 4*e)^2 + 9*c ^3*cos(2*f*x + 2*e)^2 + c^3*sin(6*f*x + 6*e)^2 + 9*c^3*sin(4*f*x + 4*e)^2 + 18*c^3*sin(4*f*x + 4*e)*sin(2*f*x + 2*e) + 9*c^3*sin(2*f*x + 2*e)^2 + 6* c^3*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + c^3 + 2*(3*c^3*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 3*c^3*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + c^3)*cos(6*f*x + 6*e) + 6*(3*c^3*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + c^3)*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 6*(c^3*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + c^3*sin(2*f*x + 2*e))*sin(6*f*x + 6*e) )*arctan2(sin(2*f*x + 2*e), cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + 1) + 6*(3*(f*x + e)*c^3*cos (4*f*x + 4*e) + 3*(f*x + e)*c^3*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + (f*x + e)*c^3 + 3*c^3*s in(4*f*x + 4*e) + 3*c^3*sin(2*f*x + 2*e))*cos(6*f*x + 6*e) + 18*(3*(f*x + e)*c^3*cos(2*f*x + 2*e) + (f*x + e)*c^3)*cos(4*f*x + 4*e) + 18*(c^3*sin(6* f*x + 6*e) + 3*c^3*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + 3*c^3*sin(2*f*x + 2*e))*cos(5/2*arct an2(sin(2*f*x + 2*e), cos(2*f*x + 2*e))) + 44*(c^3*sin(6*f*x + 6*e) + 3*c^ 3*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + 3*c^3*sin(2*f*x + 2*e))*cos(3/2*arctan2(sin(2*f*x + 2 *e), cos(2*f*x + 2*e))) + 18*(c^3*sin(6*f*x + 6*e) + 3*c^3*sin(4*f*x + 4*e ) + 3*c^3*sin(2*f*x + 2*e))*cos(1/2*arctan2(sin(2*f*x + 2*e), cos(2*f*x + 2*e))) + 18*((f*x + e)*c^3*sin(4*f*x + 4*e) + (f*x + e)*c^3*sin(2*f*x +...
\[ \int \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{7/2} \, dx=\int { \sqrt {a \sec \left (f x + e\right ) + a} {\left (-c \sec \left (f x + e\right ) + c\right )}^{\frac {7}{2}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)} (c-c \sec (e+f x))^{7/2} \, dx=\int \sqrt {a+\frac {a}{\cos \left (e+f\,x\right )}}\,{\left (c-\frac {c}{\cos \left (e+f\,x\right )}\right )}^{7/2} \,d x \]